{"id":137,"date":"2020-05-06T01:13:15","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T06:13:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/?p=137"},"modified":"2020-05-06T01:13:15","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T06:13:15","slug":"how-quantum-dots-make-the-world-more-wonderful","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/quantum-dots\/how-quantum-dots-make-the-world-more-wonderful\/","title":{"rendered":"How Quantum Dots Make the World More Wonderful?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/How-Quantum-Dots-Make-the-World-More-Wonderful-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-138\" srcset=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/How-Quantum-Dots-Make-the-World-More-Wonderful-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, \/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/How-Quantum-Dots-Make-the-World-More-Wonderful-1-300x200.jpg 300w, \/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/How-Quantum-Dots-Make-the-World-More-Wonderful-1-768x512.jpg 768w, \/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/How-Quantum-Dots-Make-the-World-More-Wonderful-1-120x80.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/quantum-dots-list-169.html\">Quantum\ndots<\/a> (QDs) are quasi-zero-dimensional nanomaterials that bind\nexcitons in three dimensions. Roughly speaking, the three dimensions of quantum\ndots are all below 100nm, and their appearance is generally spherical or\nquasi-spherical, so they are also called nanocrystals. Scientists have\ndeveloped many different methods to synthesis quantum dots, such as\nwet-chemical methods, vapor-phase methods, and electric field confinement\nmethod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of\nthe quantum dots prepared by wet-chemical methods are colloidal, which has the\nadvantages of low cost, high yield, and high luminous efficiency, but the\nelectrical conductivity is low, which greatly limits its application in\nelectrical devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nvapor-phase method is a method of nucleating and growing quantum dots on\nsubstrate materials, and the quantum dots grown by this method can be easily\ncombined with traditional semiconductor devices. In addition, it has the\nadvantages of higher charge transfer efficiency and fewer surface defects, but\nbecause a high vacuum or ultra-high vacuum is needed in the reaction process,\nthe cost of quantum dots prepared by this method is high.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nelectric field confinement method is a method to prepare quantum dots by\ncontrolling the potential of metal electrodes to distort the energy levels in\nsemiconductors and form the constraint on carriers. The cost is the highest and\nthe yield is the lowest. However, the quantum dots made by this method are\nwidely used in the theoretical research of quantum computing because of their\nhigh controllability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The discovery\nof quantum dots was named one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs of the\nyear by Science magazine in 2003. After more than a decade of development,\nquantum dots have been widely used in solar cells, medical testing, displays,\nand other fields because of their excellent physical, optical, and electrical\nproperties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Displays<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quantum\ndot light-emitting diode (QLED) shows excellent application prospects in the\nfield of optical lighting and display because of its higher color saturation,\nbrightness, spectral tunability, and low dispersion. Luminous brightness,\nexternal quantum efficiency (EQE), and lifetime are the three major indicators\nfor the practical application of QLED. Existing research results show that it\nis difficult for QLED to achieve high brightness and high EQE at the same time.\nHow to prepare QLED with high brightness, high EQE, and long lifetime is the\nfocus of research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solar\ncells<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defect\npassivation and surface modification of perovskite hybrid films are very\nimportant to achieve high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stable\nperovskite photovoltaic. The existence of defects will capture charge carriers\nand inhibit quasi-Fermi level splitting, thus reducing the open-circuit voltage\n(VOC) of perovskite solar cells. At the same time, the existence of defects\nwill lead to catalytic degradation due to rapid ion migration. Therefore, the\nsurface modification aimed at reducing the defect density and preventing ion\nmigration is of concern to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells. The\ncommon strategies for improvement include the introduction of metal ions,\nsurface and interface modification, heterojunction engineering, and the\naddition of functional additives. In addition to the strategy based on defect\npassivation, the molecular surface functionalization method of making\nperovskite films hydrophobic and inhibiting ion migration also makes a\nsignificant contribution to improving the stability of the equipment. It is\nfound that inorganic perovskite quantum dots with a large number of elements\nand capped ligands are very attractive for element passivation and molecular\nsurface functionalization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biological and biomedical applications <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quantum dots have become a new type of fluorescent probe for biomolecule and cell imaging. Compared with organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, quantum dots have unique optical and electronic properties. QDs do not show water solubility because they are usually synthesized in organic solutions and are surface stabilized with hydrophobic organic ligands. To make them available for biomedical applications such as cancer treatment and drug delivery, QD needs to be coupled to biomolecules without interfering with their biological functions. Various surface modification techniques have been developed to ensure specific bioconjugation. This is usually achieved by modifying QD with proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, streptavidin, or other biomolecules that mediate specific interactions with living systems. The limiting factor of QD application <em>in vivo<\/em> is its toxicity. In fact, QD technology is not widely used because of its hydrophobicity and toxicity, and there are still many problems to be solved before it can be safely used in biomedical applications. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quantum dots (QDs) are quasi-zero-dimensional nanomaterials that bind excitons in three dimensions. Roughly speaking, the three dimensions of quantum dots<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[32,10,33],"class_list":["post-137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quantum-dots","tag-qled","tag-quantum-dots","tag-solar-cells"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=137"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":139,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137\/revisions\/139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}