{"id":101,"date":"2020-02-26T09:09:14","date_gmt":"2020-02-26T14:09:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/?p=101"},"modified":"2020-02-26T09:09:14","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T14:09:14","slug":"viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/applications\/viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution\/","title":{"rendered":"Viruses: The Strongest Pusher of Human Evolution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution-1-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-102\" srcset=\"\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution-1-1024x512.jpg 1024w, \/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution-1-300x150.jpg 300w, \/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution-1-768x384.jpg 768w, \/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Viruses-the-strongest-pusher-of-human-evolution-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Viruses sound\nscary, but in fact, the co-evolution between viruses and humans has been\nclosely linked since human origin. On the one hand, it is a substance that\ngives life, on the other hand, it represents a deadly poison. Viruses are\nindeed deadly, but at the same time, it has given the world indispensable\ncreativity. Therefore, creation and destruction are perfectly combined again.\nTo understand viruses and their co-evolutionary relationship with humans, one\nmust learn the theory of biological evolution and the history of life\nevolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The enduring\nstruggle between viruses and human hosts is a key driver of human evolution,\nand it can even be said that without viruses, there would be no humans. Viral\nDNA uses its own genes to replicate itself and is then embedded in the host&#8217;s\ngenome. Early mammalian ancestors utilized extra viral fragments in the genome\nto evolve the placenta with the help of symbiotic retroviruses. And other symbiotic\nviruses helped us from a group of cells to a mature fetus as well and protected\nus from various pathogens so that we can be born smoothly. In other words,\nwithout the help of viral proteins, the original placental mammals would not\nhave evolved, let alone later humans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, in\nrecent years, scientists have used big data analysis to find that since humans\n&#8220;break up&#8221; with chimpanzees, nearly one-third of proteins&#8217; adaptive\nevolution has been driven by viruses, which is natural selection. In the course\nof human evolution, when the plague emerged, the host attacked by the virus\nwould either adapt to produce antibodies and survive, or it would die or even\nbecome extinct. But the death of this host is actually a &#8220;double-edged\nsword&#8221; for the virus; if the host dies, unless the virus immediately finds\na new host, it will also die with the original host. Obviously, this is\ntantamount to suicide. Therefore, on the one hand, the virus has to reduce its\ntoxicity; on the other hand, the host&#8217;s immune system will also fully fight\nagainst the virus. There are many functions of proteins in our body, and some\nfunctions can beat the virus with only minor adjustments to their properties\nand composition. Interestingly, recent research has shown that not only the cellular\nproteins of the immune system have immune functions, but also that almost all\ncell proteins can participate in anti-virus battles when exposed to viruses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Human genome\nresearch in recent years has revealed that there are thousands of traces of\nviral genes in our genome. Frequent mutations of these viral genes and the\ninvasion of new viral genes are happening all the time. The viruses around us\nare almost everywhere. It is no exaggeration to say that we live in the ocean\nof viruses. Zimmer, a famous American popular science writer, once wrote the\nbook &#8220;A Planet of Viruses&#8221;. He pointed out that a large part of the\ngenetic diversity of life on earth is contained in the virus. Moreover, much of\nthe oxygen we breathe is also produced with the help of the virus. Even the\ntemperature of the earth is closely related to virus activities. Part of our\ngenome comes from thousands of viruses that infected human ancient ancestors.\nIn fact, life on earth probably originated from viruses 4 billion years ago.\nThe relationship between us and the virus is really &#8220;messy&#8221;. Viruses\nare &#8220;old friends&#8221; that we don&#8217;t want but cannot do without.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zimmer also\nwrote at the end of &#8220;A Planet of Viruses&#8221; that humans, as mammals,\nhave formed an indivisible mixture with the virus. With the viral genes removed\nfrom the body, we may not even be able to be born &#8230;\n\nNanomaterials have\nunique optical, electrical, magnetic and mechanical properties, and have been attractive\nin the fields of biomedical imaging and clinical diagnosis. Currently, nanomaterials\nincluding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/spherical-gold-nanoparticles-list-164.html\">metal\nnanoparticles<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/graphene-and-carbon-nanotube-list-173.html\">carbon\nnanotubes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/silica-particles-list-168.html\">silica\nnanoparticles<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/quantum-dots-list-169.html\">quantum\ndots<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/upconverting-nanoparticles-list-170.html\">upconverting\nnanoparticles<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/product\/polymer-particles-list-172.html?filter=1&amp;FT_FunctionalGroupLigand=Biotin\">polymer\nnanoparticles<\/a> are extensively used for virus detection. CD Bioparticles offers\nvarious nanoparticles ideal for virus detection and researches.\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Viruses sound scary, but in fact, the co-evolution between viruses and humans has been closely linked since human origin. On<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[4,5,24],"class_list":["post-101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","tag-magnetic-particles","tag-nanoparticles","tag-virus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions\/103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cd-bioparticles.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}